Lab Session1: From Text to Data: My Journey into Digital Humanities

This blog presents my reflections on a Digital Humanities Lab Activity assigned by Prof. (Dr.) Dilip Barad Sir, Department of English, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University (MKBU). 


👉The blog is divided into three sections. The first section explores the comparative analysis of human-written and AI-generated poetry, examining their differences in creativity, emotion, language, and literary expression. 

👉The second section documents the CLIC (Computer-Assisted Language Instruction and Communication) Activity assigned as part of the Digital Humanities Lab, where I reflect on the learning process, digital tools, and key insights gained through the practical exercises.

👉Section 3 Voyant Tools Experience explores my analysis of Kazuo Ishiguro’s An Artist of the Floating World using Voyant Tools and its features such as Cirrus, Trends, Contexts, and Bubblelines.


I have divided this blog into 3 sections


👉Section 1: Human vs. Machine Poetry 

👉Section 2: Dickens Project and The CLiC Activity Book

👉Section 3 : Voyant Tools Experience



Section 1: Human vs. Machine Poetry 




The Poetry Turing Test: A Challenge to Literary Judgment

The central experiment of the lecture adapts Alan Turing's test for artificial intelligence into the domain of poetry. Participants are asked to identify whether anonymous poems have been written by humans or computers, yet their judgments repeatedly prove unreliable. What initially appears to be a test of machine intelligence gradually becomes a test of human literary perception. The experiment reveals that readers often associate coherence, emotional tone, or stylistic familiarity with human authorship while dismissing unconventional language as mechanical. 

However, when experimental poetry by writers such as Gertrude Stein is mistaken for machine-generated language, these assumptions collapse. The lecture therefore exposes the instability of literary judgment by demonstrating that readers evaluate texts according to preconceived expectations rather than objective standards. In this sense, the Poetry Turing Test is less an assessment of artificial intelligence than an exploration of the interpretative habits through which readers construct ideas of creativity and humanness.


Creativity Beyond Pattern Recognition

One of the most significant issues raised by the lecture concerns the nature of creativity itself. The speaker explains that algorithms such as Racter and Ray Kurzweil's RKCP analyse linguistic structures from existing texts and generate new compositions by reproducing statistical patterns. Although these poems occasionally persuade readers that they are human creations, the lecture carefully notes that the algorithms possess no understanding of the meanings they manipulate. Their operation depends entirely upon recognising relationships between words rather than experiencing emotions or comprehending ideas. This distinction invites a deeper philosophical question: should creativity be defined by the originality of the final product or by the conscious experience behind its production? From my perspective as a student of English Literature, genuine literary creativity cannot be reduced to successful imitation. 

Human poetry emerges from historical memory, emotional experience, ethical reflection, and imaginative consciousness dimensions that remain inaccessible to computational systems. Artificial intelligence may simulate the external features of poetic language with remarkable accuracy, but simulation should not be mistaken for authentic artistic creation.


Rethinking Authorship in the Digital Age

The lecture also challenges conventional notions of authorship by demonstrating that readers often appreciate poems without knowing who created them. This observation resonates strongly with Roland Barthes' influential essay The Death of the Author, in which he argues that the meaning of a literary work should not depend upon the identity or intentions of its creator. During the Poetry Turing Test, participants respond solely to the language of the poems, unknowingly placing Barthes' theoretical argument into practice. Yet artificial intelligence introduces a new dimension to this debate. Whereas Barthes sought to liberate interpretation from the authority of the author, AI raises the possibility of texts being produced without any conscious author at all. 

This development complicates traditional literary criticism by forcing scholars to reconsider whether intentionality remains essential to literary meaning. The lecture therefore illustrates that Digital Humanities does not merely provide new technological tools; it fundamentally transforms the theoretical questions that literary studies must address.


Artificial Intelligence as a Reflection of Human Culture

Perhaps the most compelling argument in the lecture is the metaphor of artificial intelligence as a mirror rather than an independent creator. The speaker argues that AI reflects whatever literary tradition humans choose to provide as training material. When algorithms analyse the poetry of Emily Dickinson, William Blake, or Gertrude Stein, they do not invent new literary worlds but reproduce the stylistic patterns already present within those texts. Consequently, AI should not be understood as replacing human creativity but as extending and reflecting it. 

This perspective shifts the focus away from technological achievement and towards human cultural production itself. The lecture suggests that every AI-generated poem is ultimately rooted in human language, human history, and human imagination. Machines therefore reveal as much about humanity as they do about computation, functioning less as autonomous artists than as sophisticated mirrors that reproduce our own linguistic and cultural practices.


👉As part of this task, we were required to complete two online tests on AI-generated and human-written poetry. The objective was to identify whether each poem was written by a human or a computer based on its language, style, and emotions.


Click below for Test Link


Test:1 

Human Or Machine: Can You Tell Who Wrote These Poems?


Test:2

Poem Written by a human or a computer?


Here are my result from Test 1: Human or Machine: Can You Tell Who Wrote These Poems?








My Honest Experience 

Before taking this quiz, I was quite confident that I could easily tell the difference between poems written by humans and those generated by AI. I believed that human poetry would naturally carry genuine emotions, personal experiences, and creativity that a machine could never truly imitate. However, as I read each poem carefully, I realized that my assumptions were not always correct.

Some poems that felt emotional and meaningful turned out to be AI-generated, while a few poems I thought were written by machines were actually written by humans. In the end, I scored 4 out of 6, which was better than I expected but still showed me that distinguishing between human and AI poetry is not as simple as I had imagined.

This activity genuinely surprised me and made me rethink my understanding of creativity. I realized that AI can imitate poetic language and emotions quite convincingly, while human poets sometimes write in unconventional ways that can seem mechanical. Overall, I found this quiz both enjoyable and thought-provoking. It taught me to read poetry more carefully and to appreciate it for its meaning and impact rather than judging it based on who I think wrote it.


The second test, "Poem Written by a Human or a Computer?", was even more interesting than I expected. I thought identifying the authors would be easy, but as I read each poem, I realized how difficult it was to distinguish between human and AI-generated poetry. I scored 8 out of 10, which made me realize that AI can imitate poetic language and emotions surprisingly well. Overall, this activity challenged my assumptions and gave me a new perspective on creativity and artificial intelligence.


Section 2: Dickens Project And The CLiC Activity Book


What is the CLiC (Corpus Linguistics in Context) – Dickens Project?

CLiC (Corpus Linguistics in Context) – Dickens Project is a free Digital Humanities tool developed by the University of Birmingham for the computational analysis of literary texts, particularly the novels of Charles Dickens. It combines corpus linguistics and literary stylistics to help researchers and students explore language patterns, themes, characterization, and narrative style. Using features such as concordances (KWIC), keyword analysis, clusters, and distribution plots, CLiC enables users to search words and phrases across multiple texts and examine them in context. It bridges traditional close reading with digital text analysis, making it a valuable resource for literary research, teaching, and Digital Humanities studies.

   ðŸ‘‰ Here is Activity Book : CLic Activity Book


What am I supposed to do in this activity?

For this team activity, we have to follow the given instructions. Roll Numbers 4, 5, and 6 will work together on Part II, Section 9: Body Language and Characterisation.






Activity 9.1 Looking for chins in Dickens

1. Go to the CLiC Concordance tab


2. Select DNov – Dickens’s Novels in the “Search the Corpora” box. DNov is a corpus of all of Dickens’s novels.

3. In “Only in subsets”, make sure “All text” is selected. and select the subset “All text”.

4. In ‘Search for terms”, enter chin. Hit Return.


My Result👇

 



Activity 9.2 Looking for chins in the 19th century

5. Go to the CLiC Concordance tab 


6. In the “Search the Corpora” box, click in the box and then scroll down slightly to select “19th – 19th Century Reference Corpus”.

7. In “Only in subsets”, make sure “All text” is selected.

8. In ‘Search for terms”, enter chin. Hit Return.

My Result👇






Activity 9.3 Looking for Jane Austen chins

9. Go to the CLiC Concordance tab


10. In the “Search the Corpora” box, click in the box and then scroll quite a way down until you find a set of Jane Austen’s novels. Some are listed as part of the “19th Century Reference Corpus” and some are right at the bottom of the list. You can select all of these one after another.

11. In “Only in subsets”, make sure “All text” is selected.

12. In ‘Search for terms”, enter chin. Hit Return.


Result👇



My Experience with the CLiC “Chin” Activity

My experience with the CLiC “Looking for Chins” activity was interesting because it changed the way I looked at a very ordinary word such as “chin.” At first, searching for one body-part word across literary texts seemed like a simple technical exercise. However, when I examined the concordance results from Dickens’s novels, the nineteenth-century reference corpus, and Jane Austen’s novels, I began to notice how the same word can function differently depending on its literary context. The activity made me realise that physical descriptions are not always merely decorative; they can contribute to characterisation, appearance, identity, and the representation of personality.

What I found particularly valuable was the opportunity to compare authors and corpora rather than study one text in isolation. The CLiC Concordance allowed me to see the word “chin” together with its surrounding words, which made it easier to identify recurring linguistic patterns. This gave me a practical understanding of how corpus-based literary analysis and distant reading work. Instead of relying only on my personal interpretation of a particular passage, I could use textual evidence from a larger collection of novels and then think critically about what those patterns might mean. Overall, the activity showed me that Digital Humanities can make even a small and ordinary word like “chin” a starting point for meaningful literary investigation.


Section 3 : Voyant Tools Experience


Click Here for Link : Voyant Tools


For this activity, I explored An Artist of the Floating World by Kazuo Ishiguro using Voyant Tools. The tool generated several responses that helped me examine the novel through a digital and quantitative approach. I explored different features, including Cirrus (word cloud), TermsBerry, Trends, Contexts, Bubblelines, and other visualisations, to observe the frequency, distribution, relationships, and patterns of words throughout the text. These visual representations provided a different perspective on the novel and helped me understand how frequently certain words appear and how their usage changes across the text. The experience demonstrated how digital tools can complement close reading by revealing textual patterns that may not be immediately noticeable through conventional reading.













My First Experience with Voyant Tools

My first experience with Voyant Tools was both new and interesting because I had never analysed a literary text through a digital tool before. For this activity, I Chose Kazuo Ishiguro’s An Artist of the Floating World and explored the different features available in Voyant Tools. At first, the number of graphs, visualisations, and unfamiliar options was slightly confusing, but as I explored them one by one, I gradually understood how they worked. I experimented with features such as Cirrus, Trends, Contexts, Bubblelines, and other visualisations, and each of them presented the text in a different way.

Through these features, I could see which words appeared frequently, how particular words were distributed throughout the novel, and the contexts in which they were used. The visual representations, especially the word cloud, graphs, bubbles, and lines, made some textual patterns easier to notice than they would have been through ordinary reading. At the same time, I realised that the tool does not automatically provide a literary interpretation; it gives us data and patterns, which we then have to interpret critically. Therefore, my first experience with Voyant Tools helped me understand how digital text analysis can work alongside close reading, offering another perspective on a literary text and making me more aware of the relationship between technology, language, and literary studies.

Overall, although using Voyant Tools was a little difficult for me at first, the experience became more understandable as I explored its features. It introduced me to a different way of reading and analysing literature and helped me understand how digital tools can complement traditional close reading.


Overall Learning Outcome: My Understanding of Digital Humanities


1. From Traditional Reading to Digital Reading

This Digital Humanities Lab activity changed my understanding of how literature can be studied in the digital age. I learned that literary texts can be examined not only through close reading and interpretation, but also through computation, corpus analysis, visualisation, and digital data. Digital Humanities therefore creates an interaction between human interpretation and computational methods.


2. Understanding Literature through Different Perspectives

The three sections of this blog helped me understand literature from different perspectives. The Human vs. Machine Poetry activity made me question my assumptions about creativity, authorship, and AI. CLiC introduced me to corpus-based analysis, while Voyant Tools helped me examine word frequency, distribution, context, and visual patterns. These activities showed me how digital methods can reveal aspects of texts that may not be immediately visible through conventional reading.


3. Learning to Read Data as Literary Evidence

One important learning outcome was understanding that digital data can become a form of literary evidence. The CLiC “chin” activity showed how a single word can be studied across different literary texts to explore body language and characterisation. Similarly, Voyant Tools helped me identify recurring words and patterns in An Artist of the Floating World. I learned that such patterns can help researchers develop new questions about language, character, and meaning.


4. The Importance of Human Interpretation

These activities also taught me that digital tools cannot replace human interpretation. CLiC and Voyant Tools can identify patterns, but the researcher must interpret their literary significance through context and critical thinking. The visualisations provide information, while the researcher gives that information meaning. Thus, Digital Humanities works best when computational analysis and humanistic interpretation complement each other.


5. Developing Digital and Critical Skills

These activities developed my practical skills as a literature student. I learned to work with corpora, concordances, keyword searches, textual patterns, and visualisations. At first, some tools, especially Voyant Tools, were difficult and unfamiliar. However, gradually I became more comfortable using them and developed digital literacy, critical thinking, observation, and analytical skills.


6. Rethinking the Role of Technology in Literary Studies

The activities made me think critically about the relationship between technology and literature. The poetry activity raised questions about AI and creativity, while CLiC and Voyant showed how computers can help identify linguistic patterns. I learned that technology does not simply replace traditional literary scholarship; rather, it can expand the possibilities of literary research while human interpretation remains essential.


7. My Overall Understanding of Digital Humanities

Overall, this activity helped me understand Digital Humanities as an interdisciplinary field connecting literature, technology, data, and human interpretation. I learned to move between close reading and computational analysis and to see texts through both individual details and larger patterns. Most importantly, I realised that digital tools do not provide ready-made interpretations; they offer new ways of seeing texts and asking literary questions. This experience has expanded my understanding of literary research and strengthened my confidence in using digital methods as an English Literature student.


References:

Barad, Dilip. "What If Machines Write Poems." Dilip Barad's Blog, 1 Mar. 2017, blog.dilipbarad.com/2017/03/what-if-machines-write-poems.html. Accessed 16 Aug. 2026.


Mahlberg, Micaela, et al. CLiC 2.1: Corpus Linguistics in Context. University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, 2020. https://clic.bham.ac.uk/. Accessed 16 Aug. 2026.

No comments:

Post a Comment

Jean Rhys' Wide Sargasso Sea